Earth-boring drill



I 1,636,665 July 19, 1 I c. E. REED July 19, 1927. c. E. REED EARTH BQRING DRILL Filed March 1, 1927 7 Sheets-Sheet -2 (/arence 5. Reed INVENTOR.

ATTORNEYS.

7 July 19, 1927.

1,636,665 c. E. REED EARTH- BORING DRILL Filed March 1. 1927 7 Sheets-Sheet 3 [/arence E Peed INVENTOR.

ATTORNEY.

1 1,636,665 July 1 9 1927- c, E. REED EARTH BORING DRILL Filed March 1. 1927 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 Clare/7c? 5. Feed, INVENTOR.

A TTORNEYS.

Juiy 19, 1927. 1,636,665-

C. E. REED EARTH BORING DRILL Filed March 1. 1927 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 C/arence L/Eeed INVENTOR.

July 19,1927. 1,636,665

C. E. REED EARTH BORING DRILL Filed March 1. 1927 Sheets-Sheet 6 (/areace ifieed INVENTOR.

July 19:

C. E. REED EARTH BORING DRILL Filed March 1, 1927 "I'Sheeiis-Sheet (/arehce fifled INVENTOR.

@611 M vyvw W A-TTORNEYSK Patented July 19, l27.

i v i i r UNITED STATES A TEurforrics.-

' CLARENCE n. REED, or wrcinrra nusas.

EARTH-BORING DRILL.

Application filed March 1 1927. Serial No. 171,833.

The invention relates to earth boring drills F lg. Cris a View looking at the face of the of the general type having an inverted 'V spindle with its shank, said spindle and shaped recess in the lower end of its head shank being split lengthwise into halves. with a conical rollercutter on each of the 7 is a view of another form of the opposing downwardly diverging walls deinvention, partly in section and partly in 60 fining said recess. ()ne object of the invenelevation. tion is to employ a one piece bit head and Fig. 8 is a view of the spindle and its to provide for the ready assembly with said shank of Fig. 7.

hcad or removal therefrom of the conical Fig. 9 is a sectional view. 1o roller cutters, said roller cutters when in- Fig. 9*.is a face view' of the base of the 65 a. place occupying'lthe recess to the extent neccone cutter. l j i essary to cutt e entire area at the bottom Fig. 10 is a sectional viewfof a further of the hole. form of the invention.

Another object of the invention is to pro- Fig. 11 is a side view of Fig. 10.

15 ride a roller cutter and its'spi'ndle of such Fig. '12 is a'sectional. plan view of Figs, form that they can be assembled outside the 10 andl1 I head andinserted or removed as onebody, Referring first to Figs. 1 to 6 inclusive, it being understood that said spindles, pro- 1 indicates the bit'he'ad having an inverted ject downwardly and inwardly in c0nver- Vshaped rec'essQ initslower end in which 4 2 0 gent relation from the opposing downwardly are mounted rotary. conical cutters 3. These 76 and outwardly inclined end walls of the said cutters are designed to cut the entire area recess. at'the bottom of thehole being drilled and A. further object of the invention is to hence the two opposing cutters occupy sub-I provide a detachable spindle and roller stantially the entire space from side to side p cutterconstruction by which the roller cutof-the. recess. Each cutter extends-sh ht- 80 ter can lee-assembled with the spindle orv dislybeyond the outer side surface of the drill asenibled therefrom While said spindle is head tov cut clearance as is usual in deep outsideof the head, but by which said roller well drills. The cutters are assembled in cutter will be-retained on the spindle'against close'proximity to each other and they turn removal; and in proper working position, on axes which converge downwardly and 85 when the spi11dle' -witli said roller cutter inwardly in respectto the recess and the mounted thereon is. attached to the. head. vertical axis of the drill head. I

' 'An additional objectis to provide arugged It is desirable to use a bit head of onev s i n in which the "thrusts 'will be piece and as the cuttersare mounted on spin iS ri 1 ted into the one piece head, this indies projecting substantially at right angles so volving the employment of a seat recess in to the inclined end walls dot the recess 2, the ceiling or inclined wall of the main recess special means are employ d b me h b 'in, which h e of the. spindle isheld, the the cutters may be inserted into-the recess so Wall of this'seatrecess-prcsenting a shoul that each cutter organization will occupy its 40 to u in the 1 h ustexerted upon the own portion of the recess, and during the act at spindle, 1 of assembly will not cross the vertical axis Other objectsfof the invention will be of the. drill "in reaching the position it is clear from the following description.- to occupy.

;-T he invention may assume difi'erent forms I ying out ti -p rti f h i i 4% as will lee-pointed out hereinafter. tion I provide aconstruction' whereby the 10s In the accompanyingdrawings roller cutter and the spindle upon'which it Figure 1 is a combined side View and is to'turn'are assembled outsidethe head to central vertical sectional'vie'w of a bit head he handled as one-unit. and then this unit embodyingm invention in one form. is inserted into the head through the V Fig. 2 is a} ottom plan View of Fig. 1 shaped recess at the lower end thereof and 1 5 Fig. 3 isa ifaceview of the base of the there secured with the spindle projecting roller cutter. from the head into the recess and with the r Fig; 4 isa sectional View of the cutter. roller cutter rotatably mounted thereon. Fig. is a side View of the spindle de In one form Figs. 1 to 6 the spindle 5 tached. y I is of general cylindrical shape but of stepped Pit-ti In this form the spindle'is in halves di-,

vided from-each other in a plane lengthwise thereof as in the first form and radial to the vertical axis of the head. Each half is made up of a claw 21 or flange having a tapered outer surface instead of a I shouldered or stepped surface.

The interior of the claw is of cylindrical formation at 22 and inclined at 23. The

Y 1 with gateways the spindle can 'roller cutter is formed with a groove or recess 24 to fit the claw, and it is provided at 25 so that the halves of be inserted into the groove or recess. The spindle halves are each 1ntegral with one half halves are -divided from each other length ".wi'se of the shank.

. described.

The roller cutter isheld in place by the enlargement at 27" tion 27 fitting the interior of the assembled ;halves of the claws This spindle of its central stem porhead. The shank has a channel '6 therethrough extending vertically at the axis of the bitghead for the flushing fluid; The shanks of the two juxtaposed roller cutters bear upon each other at the axial plane of I the bit'head.

- Each shank is formed in halves and the l spindles are formed in halves likein the form first described. The base portion 11 of the spindle fits in; an inclined seat recess 11. in the wall of the .inverted V shaped re- ..cess '2 of the headand sustains thrusts. The outer-side of baseportion 11" is inclined up- 1 ;wardly and inwardly. The parts .described 5*"are drawn into the head and retained by-- v its spindle being assembled, with the cutter wedges22 passing through the head and.

I throughthe halves of the shanks. The bit head of this "form'is of one piece, and theassembly of the roller cutters with their spindles and the units with the one piece bit head takes place in a manner substantially the same as before described.

. It will be noted as one aspect of the'invention that in all forms the roller cutter canbe placed on or removed from the spin- -dle when the latter is detached'from the jot said recess with thrust sustaining shoul ders'at the upper ends of said seats, removhead, but when'the spindle is locked into the head then the roller cutter is locked on "the spindle in the sense that while it is free f. spindle and it is -.;tended position to'rotate it cannot be removed 'irom the to cut the hole of the prescribedgauge. The final act therefore of locking the s indle. to the head assures the retention of the roller cutter on the spindle.

of the shank 26 which shaped recess,

retained thereon in the in- .In other words, so long as the s indle is its place in relation to the hea the roller cutter will be retained on said spindle.

The placing of the shank into head insures the maintenance of its halves together, and

this renders the bayonet joint eiiectivc in retaining the roller cutters in position.

For convenience of illustration I have shown one of the cone cutters'diagramrnatically in side elevation in Figs. 1., 7, 10, and in perspective in Fig. 2, itbeing understood, however, that both opposed. conical cutters are toothed. v

l/Vhere features are susceptible of conjoint use although shown in separate forms and figures, they are to be regarded as belongingdto those forms in which they may be use v Thus, for instance, the wedge means may be used in place of the bayonet joint cap for holding tlie'spindles in the heads and the hump shown in Fig. 10 may be'used in any of the forms of the invention.

A hump is provided on the spindle base at 11 fitting a corresponding recess 11 in the bit head, to resist torque. Only the spindle and the thrust sustaining base 11 project beyond the-wall of the inverted V the bit head surrounding the back and inner half ofthe base 11 and sustaining all thrusts.-

The specific form of the invention shown in Fi s. 7 and 8 is claimed in another application Serial No. 160,668. I

I '1'. In an earth boring drill, the combination' ofa one piece drill head having a substantially inverted V shaped-recess at its lower, end, opposing rotary conical cutters juxtaposed in said recess to cut the entire area at the: bottom of the hole,. spindle's on which said cutters turn, convergent down-' walls of "the recess and towards the vertical axis 'of'the drill, each of-said cutters with spindles within the hea and means for detachably holdingsaid-units to the head,

substantially as described.

. -2. In an earth boring drill, a one piece bit head having an inverted V shaped repeas in its lower end and with'seat. recesses in the opposing upwardly convergent walls able bearings, conical roller cutters assembled with and held on. said hearings to be handled-as one body, said bearings having their basesadapted to" fit between the walls of said upwardly and inwardly inclined seat recesses and to engage the thrust shoulders at the upper ends thereof,and meansseated lUU 'wardly' fand inwardly from tlie diverging axis of the bit head, substantially as describedv3. An"earth boringdrill having piece head with an inverted V shaped recess in thelower end thereof, aconical roller:cute ter, a bearing: divided -longitudinally.=intosect-iousdni' a plane coinciding with the; axis of thefcutter' and' interlocked with said {cutter, but permitting'thc cutterto-rotate thereon, andfmeans for-removablyholding-the split bearing i n 1the head,".jsubstantiallyas described. ll

4. Afrotaryfldeep well boring. drill comprising a onepiece bit head having a sub,-

stantially inverted .V shaped recessin-its I bearing in the head.

wardly and outwa -dly inclined .w'all thereof, spindles convergent 'downwardlyjand. in

wardly in said recess having vbases nfsaidl inclined seat recesses, acutter'lheld ori'Ieach, of said spindlesjto be handled therewith. as one body in inserting'it. intooriremoving it; from the head through said Vshaped recess, and means for detachably holding 'the"-'base'j of. the spindle in said inclined [seat] recess} bearing upon the v inclined 'f c'eilingf thereof, the wall and ceiling ofT'saidis'eat recess taking the thrust, substantiallyas described;

-5. A one piece bithead for deep well drilling having a single pair of juxtaposed frusto conical, cutters that cutv the entire area at the bottom of the hole,"bearings for the of the bit head, and means for holding the.

6. An earth boring drill having a one piece head with a recess at the lower end thereof, frusto conicaln-ollers disposed at the same end. to cut substantially the entire area of the bottom of the hole, a bearing divided longitudinally into sections in a plane coinciding with the axis of the cutter,

'interfitting flanges holding the cutter securely to the bearing on which it turns and means removably holding the split bearing in the recess.

7. in combination in an earth boring ap paratus, a body, a roller cutter and a bearing therefor adapted to be assembled, to .be handled as a unit in inserting into or removal from the body, said cutter having a bore in I one side with an overhanging flange, and said bearing having a portion fitting into the said bore and under the overhanging flange, said bearing being in longitudinal sections divided on a plane coinciding with the axis of the cutter, said bore being formed with a gate to permit the insertion of the sections of the bearing one after another, and-means holding the bearing in the head. J

8. In an earth boring apparatus a roller having arecess in one side with a flange portion"overhanging said recess, a gate in said flange communicating with said recess,

sections of a bearing insertible through said gate and into the recessunder the overhanging portion, said sections-being inserted one after another and means for holding the .eachspindle being divided lengthwise and v attachable to its roller cutter to be handled one body, only by connecting the sections the saidspindle'to said cutter, one after lower end witha seat recess iii'each' down-' the other, and means for detachably secur-- King the, s indle inv thebit head, substantially 'sidescri edil 1051111 icombinatio itanj .eai"th boring apparatiis'ai'oiiepiece bit head, roller cutters,"

lengthwise split'spindles on which said cutters-rotate, meansjfor holding said spindles jdetachablyin the'head, each roller cutter havingsa bore with a flange at the entrance thereto provided witha gateway communicating with said bore and each section of the spindle-having a flange projecting laterally therefrom to pass through said gateway and engage behind the flange of the roller cutter, said sections being insertible into and detachable from the said roller cutter only I in succession, substantially as described. cutters seated in the-head in a recess located at opposite sides of the vertical axis ofthe head, said bearing bein'g-insertible with cutters assembled thereon into place in the re-'. cess'without crossing the vertical axial line ll. In combination in an earth" boring drill, a one piece bit head, a roller cutter, a spindle with means for detachably holding it in the head, and a bayonet joint connection between the rollercutter and the spindle, said bayonet joint connection being rendered eifectivc to retain the roller cutter rotatively on the spindle by the act of attaching the spindle to the head, substantially as described.

f '.12.' .'In combination in an earth boring drill, a one piece bit head havinga recess in its lower'end with depending end walls, a

.conicalrolle'r cutter in the recess juxtaposed to the vertical axis'ot the drill, a spindle assembled with the roller cutter and insertible into or removable from the head with the cutter as one body, means'for holding bearing being divided lengthwise into sections, each of which is composed of a hearing portion and a shank portion integral with the bearing portion. each hcaring'portion having a projection to pass through" the gateway and when turned to interlock with a portion of the'roller cutter, said sections being insertible into or ren'iorable tlfilltlllt. roller in succession, substantially as devscriloei'l.

14.111 combination in an earth, boring drill. a bit head. a bearing detachably mounted thereon, composed of sections divided from each other in the direction of the axis of the hearing and a roller cutter interlocking with the hearing sections to be retained by said bearing while allowing free rotation and means vtor holding the sections of the bearing; in the head, substantially as described.

15. In combination in an earth boring, drill, a bit head. a roller cutter unit composed of a hearing with a shank at an ane'le to the hearing and with a. roller cutter interloeking with the bearing to be retained in place thereby while tree to rotate said hearing and shank being split longitudinally into sections for assembly with the roller cutter and means for holding shank in the head, each section of the bearing with its shank sect-ion.

16.1n combination in an earth boring drill, a bit head having an inverted V shaped thereby, while free to rotate,

recess in'its lower end. a bearing having a shank extending into the head, atgan angle to theloearing, said bearing and shank he in split lengthwise, a roller cutter interloc ing with the hearing I said bearing having a surface at its base bearing enthe inclined wall of the V shaped recess adjacent the junction of the bearing and spindle.

and means for holding the shank to the head,substantially as described.

- 17Qln a roller boring drill including a head having a V shaped recess at the lower till of the hearing end thereof, and a frusto-conical cutter, a

hearing on whose circular surface the cutter rotates. a base portion seated on the faceof the V shaped recess which face inclines downwardly and outwardly from the've cal axis of the head and shank poi" anchoring, the base to thehead, the

being out of alignment r. respect to the axis of th shank, and inea locking the shank to tie hody.

18. In an earth boring drill and in corn hination, a one piece hit head having an inverted V shaped recess in lower end, a rotary toothed cutter turnahle'on. an axis substantially at right angles to the downwardly and outwardly inclinedwall of the said recess and a hearing assembled with said roller cutter and in srtible into or r"- inovahle from its working position in the being integral "positions to be retained I recess of the head. together with said roller as a unit. by a movement substantially parallel with the vertical axis of the head. and with the roller juxtaposed to the vertical axis of the head, substantially as desrrihed:

19. In an earth boring drill and in coinbination. a one piece hit head havin an invert-ed V shaped recess in its, lower end,

rotary conical toothed cutters arranged in the. vertical axis ot said head. said inclined -wall having a seat recess therein and a bore in the hotly of the head, the axis of which is inclined to the plane in which tliescat recess lies.

2]. A drill head according to claim ii) having a recess in its side at the end of the istantiallv as deserihed.

22. in earth boring drill having a longitudinally split bearing and a roller cutter connected to said hearing by a bayonet joint permitting said cutter to rotate and retaining said roller in place in all circumferential thereof relative to said bearing, substantially as described.

. 23. In combination a drill hit head having a recess in its lower end with a wall inclined relative to the vertical axis of said head, said inclined wall having a seat recev here in and a here in the hotly of tin axis of which is inclined to the planein which the seat recess lies, a removable roller support having a spit i6 projecting from the we'll of the head with a lease on said spindle in the seat recess, and shank in the here, the shoulder of hit head formed by the seat recess sustaining working thrusts.

head. substantially as Hill lld

lin combinat on in earth Tearing-"g drill, a one piece hit; head having on side of-its vertical axis a plurality of cornmnnicating recesses, one to receive a shank and the other to receive an enlarged base portion oi a spindle, removable roller cutter support comprising a spindle having said enlarged ease cortion extending at right angles thereto and a shank extending-at an inclination b0 the axis of the spindle and base portion, said shanl: losing seated within its recess in the head and the base portion lying within its recess from only enon afford clearance he 1 tween the roller cutter and the wall of the head, and a rener covering the spindle tent projecting thereand directly adjoining; said base portion thereof, and means for holding the roller cutter support in place. 25. In combination in an earth boring drill, a one piece bit head having an inverted V shaped recess at its lower end, with seat recesses in the inclined walls oi. said V I shaped recess, two frusto conical roller cutters, removable supports for said roller cutters, having shanks seated within the head, enlarged base portions at an inclination to the shanks located in said seat recess, spindles projecting directly from the base portions, and roller cutters on the spindles.

26. In an earth boring drill having an incliiied wall defining a recess at the lower end and frusto conical rollers that cut the entire area at bottom of hole, a seat recess in the wall opening through the' side of drill head, a removable roller support in the seat recess presenting a wearing surface parallel to the side of the bore hole to take scouring'of abrasives pressed against side of well, the bit head covering the top and two sides of the removable roller support.

r shoulder to carry workingthrusts, a hump holding against torque thrusts, and shank for anchoring the bearing, only the spindle portion and thrust sustaining base projectwell drill comprising frusto conical rollers that cut the entire area of the bottom of the f hole, a seat recess in the wall defining the roller recess, the seat recess receiving enlarged bases of removablesupports for the rollers, only the spindle portion and a surface on the base at right angles to axis of spindle supporting thrust of the roller, pro jecting beyond the face of wall defining the roller recess, the bit head thus supporting inward thrusts from reaction of sides'of the well in addition to the react-ions from the bottom of well.

30. In combination, a one piece bit head having an inverted V shaped recess at its lower end, a'seat recess in the inclined wall of said V shaped recess, presentin a thrust sustaining shoulder, said'head having a supplemental seat recess narrower than the seat recess first mentioned, a spindle having a base flange in the main seat recess and a hump on said base flange fitting in the narrower seat recess, a roller cutter mounted on the spindle, and means for holding the spindle to the head, substantially as de- CLARENCE REED. j 

